1. Introduction: The State, Islam, and Muslim Activism in Singapore
1.1 Background of Project and Wider Relevance
1.2 Singapore's Political Context
1.3 Islam in Singapore
1.4 Arguments in Brief
1.5 Case Selection and Methodology
1.6 Outline of Book
2. Muslim Activism: A Survey across the World
2.1 Muslim Activism: Theological Positions
2.2 Brief Literature Review
2.3 Moving Forward: Understanding Activism in Singapore
3. Argument: Political Opportunities and Muslim Strategies
3.1 Ulama, Liberals, and Conservatives
3.2 Agent VS Structure
3.3 Political Opportunities and Agency
3.4 Main Argument
4. The Ulama: Pragmatism and Political Acquiescence
4.1 The Ulama: Roles and Responsibilities
4.2 Different Groups of Ulama in Singapore
4.3 Political Acquiescence of Ulama
4.4 Case Studies
4.5 Conclusion
5. Liberal Activists: Playing by the System and Making Gains
5.1 'Liberal' Muslims: Complexities of the Category
5.2 Liberal-Conservative Divide amongst Muslims
5.3 Choosing the Battles to Fight: Playing by the Rules
5.4 Gains Made in the Public Domain
5.5 Conclusion
6. The Conservative Dilemma: To Challenge or to Accept State Proclamations?
6.1 Conservative Muslims: Understanding the Category
6.2 (Potential) Areas of Clashes with the State
6.3 Strategic Advance and Retreat of Conservatives: Pragmatism in Practice
6.4 Ceding the Public Space to Liberals
6.5 Conclusion
7. Conclusion
7.1 Revisiting the Argument
7.2 Relevance of Study beyond Singapore
7.3 Implications for Civil Society
7.4 Future Areas for Research
Bibliography
Index