Introduction The Concept of Russian-Jewish Literature and its Ambiguities One Literature – In Various Languages Scattered Attempts at Definition On Jewish Literature in Different Languages in General The Three Mother Tongues of Russian Jewry The Concept of Russian-Jewish Literature and Jewish Literature in another Language Religion – Nation – Culture The History of Russian-Jewish Prose (1860-1940) I. “Hot Times” – The Utopia of Assimilation The Jewish Haskala and Russian Reforms: the Start of Acculturation Periodization of Russian-Jewish Literature Russian-Jewish Periodicals (1860-1934 The Beginning of Russian-Jewish Literature (before 1860) Osip RABINOVICH Lev LEVANDA Grigorii BOGROV Yakov ROMBRO II. “In a Maelstrom” – After the Pogroms The Pogroms as a Watershed Zionism—Socialism—Emigration? Mordekhai BEN-AMI NAUMOV-KOGAN Sergei IAROSHEVSKYI III. “At a Crossroads” – Choosing Paths Organizations of Jewish Culture Semion AN-SKY Aleksandr KIPEN David Aizman Semion Iushkevich IV “Motherland” and “Graveyard” – Climax and Endgame The Problem of “Jewish Revolutionaries” “Dejudaization” and “Yiddishization” “There are Jews but no Jewish question…” Isaac BABEL Lev LUNTZ Andrei SOBOL Semion GEKHT Mikhail KOZAKOV Vladimir JABOTINSKY V. Perspectives Friedrich GORENSTEIN VI. An Unusual Conclusion and Summary: The Child’s Eye – a Pattern of Narration in the Literature of Jewish Assimilation. Isaac Babel in a Russian-Jewish, American and European Literary Context VII. Annex Biographies Index of Names Bibliography