ap of Vietnam, 1902 ii Preface vii Acknowledgements xi Introduction: Colonization and the Camera 1
Chapter 1 The Earliest Photographs of Vietnam and the Vietnamese 11
Chapter 2 Commercial Studios (1860s–1870s) 44
Chapter 3 Émile Gsell (1838–1879): Celebrated Photographer of Nineteenth-Century Vietnam 60
Chapter 4 Commercial Studios (1880s–1890s) 100
Chapter 5 Charles-Édouard Hocquard (1853–1911): Photographer of the 1884–5 SinoFrench War 154 Chapter 6 Selection of Twentieth-Century Photographers 175 Chronology of Photography in Vietnam (1845–1954) 259
Appendix 1 Index of Photographers and Studios in Vietnam (1845–1954) 273
Appendix 2 Number Lists: Raphael Moreau and Émile Gsell 280
Appendix 3 Postcards 292
Appendix 4 Royal Photographic Portraits 302
Appendix 5 Cartes de Visite and Cabinet Cards 323 EARLY PHOTOGRAPHY IN VIETNAM vi
Appendix 6 1863 Vietnamese Embassy to France 386 Photographic Terms 399 Select Bibliography 403