Introduction : Framing Issues of Health, Hygiene and Eugenics in Southeastern Europe Christian Promitzer, Sevasti Trubeta and Marius Turda Part I: German Eugenic Paradigms Racial Expertise and German Eugenic Strategies for Southeastern Europe, Paul Weindling Part II: Hygiene and Health Politics Orientalizing Disease. Austro-Hungarian Policies of ‘Race,’ Gender and Hygiene in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1874–1914, Brigitte Fuchs Typhus, Turks, and Roma: Hygiene and Ethnic Difference in Bulgaria, 1912–1944, Christian Promitzer Health Policy and Private Care: Malaria Sanitization in Early Twentieth Century Greece, Katerina Gardika Combating Infant Mortality in Bulgaria: Welfare Activities, National Propaganda, and the Establishment of Pediatrics, 1900–1940, Kristina Popova Politics, Modernization and Public Health in Greece: The Case of Occupational Health, 1900–1940, Leda Papastefanaki ‘Like Yeast in Fermentation’: Public Health in Interwar Yugoslavia, Željko Dugac Part III: Eugenics and Reproduction Marital Health and Eugenics in Bulgaria, 1878–1940, Gergana Mircheva Eugenic Birth Control and Prenuptial Health Certification in Interwar Greece, Sevasti Trubeta Eugenics and ‘Puericulture’: Medical Attempts to Improve the ‘Biological Capital’ in Interwar Greece, Vassiliki Theodorou and Despina Karakatsani Controlling the National Body: Ideas of Racial Purification in Interwar Romania, 1918–1944, Marius Turda The Eugenic Fortress: Alfred Csallner and the Saxon Eugenic Discourse in Interwar Romania, Tudor Georgescu Fighting the White Plague: Demography and Abortion in the Independent State of Croatia, Rory Yeomans Part IV: New Research Agendas Remapping the Historiography of Modernization and State-Building in Southeastern Europe through Hygiene, Health and Eugenics, Maria Bucur